Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor Cat

by Lisa Selvaggio

Published: March 5th, 2015

The best way to keep your kitty safe is to keep him as an indoor cat – and here are just a few reasons why.

Your cat may enjoy frolicking in the great outdoors and then come inside for a bit to spend some time with you. Even though you may think it’s fine to have an indoor/outdoor cat or a strictly outdoor cat, there are certain things you should consider that may make you change your mind and bring your cat inside. Below are the top five reasons why you should consider raising your kitty to be an indoor cat.

1. Predators and Aggressive People

Outdoor cats are susceptible to predators and aggressive people who don’t like cats and who don’t think twice about abusing animals in the most heinous ways. Even though everyone around you may seem to love animals, there are always going to be people who don’t feel the same way and who would be willing to inflict harm on a cat, even if he is someone’s pet. By letting your cat roam outside freely, he will be exposed to other animals, especially wild animals that may see him as prey, as well as people who may steal him or hurt him. And a cat without a collar who is picked up even by people with the best intentions may end up in a shelter to be euthanized or in someone else’s home, leaving you in search of your beloved pet and your cat disconnected from the family he loves.

2. Feline Diseases

If your cat is exposed to other feral cats, he may end up getting into fights with them, and these fights can result in serious injuries, including deep scratches and bite wounds that can become infected. On top of that, your cat may be exposed to other sick felines who haven’t been properly vaccinated or who don’t have homes. These cats may have fleas and other internal and external parasites that can latch onto your pet and make him sick. Or, worse yet, they may have communicable diseases that could be deadly, such as FIP, FIV, and feline leukemia.

Not all vaccinations are 100 percent effective and some can also cause side effects, especially when your cat receives booster shot after booster shot, so don’t rely upon vaccinations alone to keep your feline safe from deadly viruses. Instead, keep your cat inside and away from other cats who haven’t been vaccinated or examined by a vet.

3. Car Accidents

No matter how careful your cat may be around cars in the street, far too many animals, both wild and domesticated, fall victim to speeding cars and careless drivers. Some drivers will even admit to not caring if they run over an animal in the road, and they may even make it a point to go faster to hit an animal they see in the street. The last thing that you would want for your cat is for him to be hit by a car and die a slow and painful death. Keep your cat indoors and train him to never run out the door in order to keep him safe.

4. Dangerous Plants

There are a variety of toxic plants that cats may be exposed to when they live outside or even when they spend a few hours outside every day, especially while wandering through other people’s yards. While you may be careful about what you plant in your garden, your neighbors may not be, and your cat may be exposed to toxic plants, such as lilies, that can cause everything from digestive upset to kidney failure and death.

5. Your Cat May Disrupt Local Wildlife

Local bird populations can be decimated by a colony of outdoor cats, and your cat will certainly hunt if given the opportunity. In fact, felines will hunt even if they’re being fed on a regular schedule by people. This is because they just love the thrill of the hunt and they feel that it’s a lot of fun to run after, pounce on, and take down birds and other small wildlife, such as squirrels. If you love all animals, including your local wildlife, it’s best to keep your cat inside, where he can view them from a window as they live out their lives peacefully. After all, they have enough to deal with when it comes to habitat loss and pollution caused by humans.

Put simply, raising an indoor cat, while providing him with plenty of toys and attention will ensure his health and happiness. It will give you peace of mind, knowing your cat is safe, and it will also allow local wildlife to thrive.

Lisa Selvaggio

Lisa Selvaggio is a freelance writer and editor, and our resident cats-pert, with certifications in pet nutrition and pet first aid. She enjoys producing content that helps people understand animals better so they can give their pets a safe and happy home.

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Top 5 Indoor Plants Poisonous To Cats

They may look pretty, but they may also be dangerous! Here are a few common plants poisonous to cats. It doesn’t make much sense for your carnivorous feline to be tempted to nosh on some houseplants, but he probably will, for whatever reason that drives him to do so. This makes it harder for you to decorate your home with lovely plants throughout the seasons, from holly and mistletoe during Christmastime to lilies and daffodils in the spring. Not only will your cat potentially destroy these pretty flowers, but he will also quickly regret his decision in eating them because they are actually toxic. Many houseplants that may seem safe are dangerous to felines. Knowing which types to avoid will help you decorate your home while resting assured that your kitty will be fine, whether he gets some pollen on himself or he actually consumes parts of the plants. Related: 4 Basic First Aid Tips For Cat Emergencies Below are just five indoor plants poisonous to cats – but bear in mind that there are many more, so doing a good amount of research is imperative if you like keeping live plants. Lily Any part of a lily, right down to the pollen, can poison your cat, making it one of the plants you should definitely keep out of your home. Symptoms of ingestion include lethargy, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Getting your pet immediate veterinary attention is imperative, as the toxicity will continue to spread throughout the body, leading to kidney damage and death. Related: Top 5 Squeaky-Clean Cat-Safe Cleaning Products Azalea/Rhododendron Azaleas and rhododendrons are toxic to cats whether they are grown in the garden or brought inside as a houseplant. Excessive drooling, loss of appetite, digestive upset that includes colic and diarrhea, weakness, and loss of coordination are symptoms associated with ingestion of these plants. Leg paralysis and a weakened heart rate are also common. Left untreated, a cat can go into a coma and die within days. Tulip Although it is one of the most popular flowers to celebrate the return of springtime, the tulip is toxic to cats, especially when they ingest the bulbs. Severe gastrointestinal upset is one of the first symptoms associated with consumption of this plant, but other signs include loss of appetite, drooling, and convulsions. The central nervous system will be adversely affected, as will the cardiovascular system. Foxglove Every part of the foxglove plant is toxic to felines. Excessive salivation and vomiting are likely to be the first symptoms associated with ingestion. Initially, the pulse may become stronger but slow down at the same time. Later, it may become weaker and beat more rapidly. This can lead to shock, hypotension, and collapse. Your cat may also become delirious, and he may slip into a coma. This plant is so dangerous it can ultimately lead to the death of your cat, so immediate veterinary treatment is required to save him. Cyclamen Cyclamen is a popular and pretty flowering houseplant that is dangerous to felines. Symptoms that are associated with ingestion of this plant include excessive salivation, diarrhea, and vomiting. If your cat gets a hold of a lot of tubers and eats them, he will experience heart arrhythmias and seizures that can become fatal. Again, this is not a complete list of indoor plants poisonous to cats, so always do your research before bringing a new plant into your home. There are actually many beautiful feline-friendly houseplants you can include in your décor, but to be absolutely sure your kitty will leave your plants alone, place them in an area that’s out of his reach. This will keep them looking lovely and prevent any potential side effects associated with ingestion of the plant, no matter how mildly toxic it is.

5 Cat-ravagant Perks of an Outdoor Catio

You want your indoor cat to enjoy the benefits of the outdoors without the danger. The solution – an outdoor catio! Even if they spend all of their time indoors, some cats could really benefit from, and get a kick out of, being outside for a bit. But letting your pet outside to roam can be very dangerous, as there are so many hazards that could lead to serious harm or even death. The ideal solution is an enclosed outdoor space for your cat to explore, which is playfully referred to as a catio. What makes a catio so great for your feline friend? Keep reading to learn about a few of its benefits, and then consider adding one to your home for your sweet kitty to enjoy. Related: Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor Cat Observing Wildlife…From a Safe Distance If your cat loves looking out the window to see what all the critters are doing outside, a catio could be the perfect way to let him view these animals while outside, but from a distance that will keep your local wildlife safe from your kitty’s hunting instincts. In the same way that you’re keeping the birds and small mammals safe, though, you’re also keeping your kitty safe from harm as well. Enjoying the Fresh Air and Sunshine Sometimes all you need is to spend a little bit of time outside, getting some much-needed fresh air and a little bit of sunshine. But if your kitty is stuck inside all the time, he may not be getting a lot of air or sunlight, even if you have windows where he can lounge. Related: What Is FIV In Cats? A catio gives your furry friend a chance to really enjoy the great outdoors, including the gentle breeze, the smell of the flowers and trees, and the warmth of the sun. And, again, because the catio is enclosed, you can prevent your cat from being exposed to poisonous plants, pesticides, and other hazards. Exercising and Interacting with You Some cats may become restless indoors, so a catio could give your kitty something new to look forward to. Depending upon how you build your catio, you can use it as a means to get your kitty to exercise. Keeping your cat active will help him maintain a healthy weight, so go ahead and add plenty of perches, walkways, and more so that your cat can jump, climb, run, and explore without getting bored. Plus, if you build your catio just right, you can spend time outside with your feline companion. Lounge with your pet or bring along his favorite toys to give him a new environment to play in. Provide More Space for Your Feline Family Members A catio can also work well for cats in your household who don’t get along with their feline companions, no matter how much you try to get everyone to live peacefully. By extending the living space for all of the cats in your home and providing them with everything that they need in a protected outdoor shelter, their lives will be enriched and they will have room to get away from one another more easily and relax comfortably in separate spaces. Get Creative When you decide to build your very own catio, you can get as creative as you wish and work within the limitations of your space. Just keep the following pointers in mind: Make sure that the catio is totally escape-proof, as cats can climb, dig, and squeeze their way out if given the chance.You also need to be certain that the catio is strong and secure so that you can keep wildlife out.The catio should be totally safe, with nothing that your cat can get caught on or trapped in. When you are ready to introduce your kitty to the catio, do so slowly and quietly, giving him ample time to check out the entire enclosure in his own time. Scattering treats throughout the space, and sprinkling catnip on perches and cat furniture throughout the catio, could help make your kitty feel right at home.

What Is FIV In Cats?

A virus that attacks a feline’s immune system, FIV in cats is a disease that can easily be transmitted to your kitty. Here’s what you need to know to protect your cat. FIV stands for feline immunodeficiency virus. It’s classified as a lentivirus, and it’s also found within the same retrovirus family as FeLV, or feline leukemia virus. According to Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, FIV is found in felines worldwide. Because it’s such a serious virus that will shorten a cat’s lifespan, it’s important to be aware of its symptoms, as well as how to prevent its transmission. Related: Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor Cat Transmission FIV in cats is primarily spread through bite wounds, as this is the most efficient way for the virus to infect a cat. And because it’s spread in this manner, cats that are free-roaming or indoor/outdoor are susceptible (just one great reason to keep all of your cats strictly indoors). Aggressive males are most frequently infected because they’re most likely to get into fights with other cats. On the other hand, non-aggressive, casual contact (grooming, sharing litter boxes and bowls, sneezing, etc.) doesn’t seem to be an efficient method of transmission. Even sexual contact isn’t one of the major ways that FIV is spread. Kittens may be infected with FIV from their infected mother, though this is rare. If infection does occur, it will usually happen during birth as the kittens move through the birth canal, as well as when newborns drink infected milk. Symptoms A cat infected with FIV may not show any symptoms for years. This is why it’s so important to have a cat tested before bringing him into your home and introducing him to your feline family. Over time, FIV will cause immune deficiency in an infected cat. This will inhibit his ability to protect himself from other infections, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa that can be found in an environment and that usually wouldn’t affect a healthy cat. Related: Two Infectious Illnesses You Should Know About An infected cat may suffer from recurring illnesses in between periods of health, or his overall health may begin to diminish progressively. Some of the many symptoms associated with FIV infection include: FeverEnlarged lymph nodesWeight LossAnemiaPoor coat conditionPoor appetiteSneezingDischarge from the nose or eyesStraining to urinate, frequent urination, or urinating outside the litter boxChanges in behaviorDiarrheaInflammation of the eyes, gums, or mouthHair loss or skin rednessWounds that don’t healDental diseaseFIV-positive cats may also suffer from various blood diseases, cancers, and neurological disorders Treatments for FIV in Cats If your cat has been diagnosed with FIV, the treatment options offered will be focused on extending his periods of health or on reducing symptoms. Your cat may need to take medications for secondary infections, and your vet may recommend a high quality diet that promotes better health through proper nutrition. Other treatments may include anti-inflammatory drugs, immune-enhancing drugs, parasite control, and fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy. Monitor your cat’s health closely for any changes, even those that seem minor, and have your kitty examined by your vet at least twice each year. How to Prevent Infection To protect your cat from FIV, keep him indoors at all times. Adopt only cats who have tested negative for FIV. There are vaccines available to help protect a cat against FIV, but keep in mind that not every cat that is vaccinated will be protected from the virus. Because vaccines aren’t always 100 percent effective, you should still prevent exposure to the virus even if your cat has been vaccinated. Also, before you vaccinate your cat, discuss the pros and cons with your vet, as vaccination will have an impact upon the results of future FIV tests. Your vet will know whether or not your cat should receive the vaccination.

What Is Feline Leukemia?

Are you worried about feline leukemia and how it can affect your cat? Here’s what pet parents need to know about the deadly virus.Feline leukemia virus, or FeLV, is a retrovirus that affects felines all over the world. This cat disease is only second to trauma as the leading cause of death amongst felines, and it will kill roughly 85 percent of infected cats within three years.Similar to FIV, Feline leukemia causes a suppression of the immune system, so it can predispose a cat to other infections that can be deadly. But there is some good news: roughly 70 percent of felines that encounter FeLV will be able to resist it or eliminate it on their own.Let’s talk more about this virus, as well as steps you can take to help prevent infections.Related: Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor CatTransmission of Feline LeukemiaCats who are infected with FeLV will shed the virus through their nasal secretions and saliva, as well as in their feces, urine, and blood. Mother cats can also pass the virus to their kittens before birth or through their milk.The virus can be transferred from one cat to another through bite wounds and grooming. Sharing litter boxes and food and water bowls can be another mode of transmission.Once outside a cat’s body, though, the virus will only last a few hours under normal conditions, so it doesn’t last long in the environment.Related: What Is FIV In Cats?Symptoms of Feline LeukemiaAccording to Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, FeLV is “the most common cause of cancer in cats.” Infection can also negatively affect your pet’s body in myriad other ways, including creating an immune deficient state that makes your cat susceptible to a host of other infections. The virus can also lead to blood disorders.A cat may not exhibit any symptoms in the early stages, but within weeks, months, or years, the animal’s health could deteriorate progressively or he may have recurring illnesses in between periods of health.During the primary, or early, stage of infection, some felines may have an effective immune response. These cats may be able to eliminate FeLV from their blood, thereby halting its progression.The secondary, or later, stage causes persistent infection of tissue and bone marrow. This is the point of no return, when the majority of felines with the virus will be infected for the rest of their lives.Some of the symptoms associated with Feline Leukemia include:Yellow color within the cat’s mouth and in the whites of the eyesPale gums and mucus membranesInflammation of the mouth and gumsEnlarged lymph nodesWeight loss that is slow but progressive at first, with severe wasting laterLoss of appetiteSkin, upper respiratory, and bladder infectionsPoor coat conditionFeverProgressive lethargy and weaknessDiarrheaDifficulty breathingReproductive issues in females who haven’t been spayedBehavior changes, neurological disorders, seizuresEye conditionsTreatments of Feline LeukemiaRegular checkups (twice a year) and preventive health care may help FeLV-positive cats feel well and prevent secondary infections, but 85 percent of felines who are persistently infected with this virus will die from it, usually within three years of being diagnosed. Secondary infections are treated as they occur, but there’s no cure for FeLV.Prevention of Feline LeukemiaIt’s important to note that a cat may be infected even if he appears healthy. And if he’s infected, he may transfer the virus to another cat. Therefore, having your cat tested before introducing him to the rest of your feline family is one way to prevent transmission.You should keep your cats indoors as much as possible to avoid them encountering other felines who may be infected with FeLV.There is a FeLV vaccination, though you should discuss the pros and cons of vaccinating your cat with your vet, who knows your pet best and can steer you in the right direction. Bear in mind that not every cat who’s vaccinated will be protected against FeLV, so you should still take steps to prevent exposure.

Hypoallergenic Cats – Do They Really Exist?

Tired of sniffling and sneezing, but love cats? You’ve heard rumors about hypoallergenic cats… but are these types of kitties fact or fiction? For those who suffer with allergies but love being around cats, the idea of a hypoallergenic cat sounds pretty amazing. But do hypoallergenic cats really exist, or are there just low allergenic cats? Allergy Sufferers Have Varying Experiences While some allergy sufferers find that their allergies flare up as soon as they’re around any cat, others find that they have fewer symptoms, or none at all, around certain breeds. For example, an individual may be able to tolerate a domestic shorthair but not an oriental breed. Another person may find that a dark cat causes an allergic reaction while white cats don’t cause the same effects. And still others may say that they can only be around Siberian felines. Related: Top 4 Most Common Cat Allergies Fact: No Breed is 100% Hypoallergenic No particular breed is considered totally hypoallergenic, so if you suffer with cat allergies, try to figure out if certain cats make your symptoms worse than others. For example, Siberian cats appear less likely to cause allergic reactions, so they may be a great option for some people who suffer with cat allergies but have never been able to own cats before. Also, the Cornish Rex and Devon Rex, which are both shorthaired, are considered less allergenic because they don’t have as much hair to shed. In turn, they release fewer allergens into the air. Related: Top 5 Reasons To Raise An Indoor Cat The Sphynx, which is classified as hairless, is another good option for allergy sufferers, and this may be because this breed needs to be wiped down or bathed regularly, which also works on reducing dander that causes allergies. Recommended Hypoallergenic Cats There aren’t any 100 percent hypoallergenic cat breeds, but certain breeds are more suitable for people who suffer with cat allergies. So when you hear someone refer to hypoallergenic cats, it basically means that the cat produces fewer allergens than other cats do. Every cat will produce dander, which is a very common allergen, but many people who suffer with cat allergies may actually be allergic to a specific protein called “Fel d 1,” which is present in feline saliva. Some of the breeds recommended include: Balinese (also known as the “Longhaired Siamese,” this is a breed that produces less Fel d 1) Siberian (this breed produces less Fel d 1, despite its moderately long fur) Devon Rex (this breed has shorter fur, as well as less fur overall, than the Cornish Rex) Cornish Rex (this breed needs to be bathed frequently, unlike the Devon Rex) Javanese (this breed has a medium-long coat that doesn’t mat and also lacks an undercoat, which means there’s less fur and fewer allergens) Oriental Shorthair (this breed should be groomed regularly to keep dander to a minimum, despite being less allergenic) Sphynx (this breed requires regular, frequent baths) Burmese Ocicat Colorpoint Shorthair Russian Blue Bengal Siamese Other Factors to Consider Again, it can’t be stressed enough that there is no such thing as a completely non-allergenic cat or cat breed. Instead, individuals who suffer with cat allergies may be able to cope with cats who produce fewer allergens. In addition to the breeds listed above, consider, too, that males – especially intact males – will produce more allergens than females. Dark cats also tend to release more allergens than cats with lighter colored coats. And kittens will produce fewer allergens, but every kitten will eventually grow into an adult and produce more allergens. Steps to Take, No Matter What Before you bring home a “hypoallergenic” kitty, be sure to spend quite a bit of time with him, or any cat of the same breed, in order to determine if your allergies will flare up over time or if they’ll remain under control. If you suffer with cat allergies, there are certain steps you should take even if you’re able to find a kitty that doesn’t make your allergy symptoms flare up. The key is to minimize allergens in the environment, so maintain a clean home, use a vacuum that includes a HEPA filter, frequently brush and/or bathe your cat (it’s best to let someone who isn’t allergic take care of these tasks), and regularly wash your cat’s bedding and toys.

Can a Parrot Get Dehydrated?

The summer months are in full swing, and the temperatures are soaring high. Due to this, pet owners across the world are concerned about their furry and feathery friends and the possible adverse effects extreme weather could have on them. A group especially vulnerable to heat is parrots, who are usually small and don’t tolerate high temperatures. Like all other pets, they too need to have plenty of fresh, cool water available at all times, as it is essential for maintaining their overall health and also aids digestion and regulates body temperature. But how much water does your avian pet really need in the summer? Can parrots get dehydrated and can you prevent it? Here is what you need to know.Can a Parrot Get Dehydrated?Like all living creatures, parrots also require water, and without enough of it, they can certainly become dehydrated. Dehydration occurs when a parrot loses more water than it consumes, which leads to an imbalance in their body’s water levels. There are many reasons why this can happen. Most often it is insufficient water intake, excessive heat, sickness, or improper diet. To calculate how much water a parrot needs, you need to consider their size and weight – a majestic Moluccan Cockatoo will certainly need more water than a cute little Budgie. A good rule of thumb is to ensure they get at least 5% of their body weight in water each day.Dehydration in parrots can have serious health consequences, including kidney function, digestion, and overall vitality. That is why it is important to always provide them with a fresh source of water and monitor for signs of dehydration.Signs of Dehydration in ParrotsAll parrot owners need to know how to spot the symptoms of dehydration. This can be crucial for their health and allow you quick intervention. Some of the common signs are:#1 Sunken Eyes:When dehydrated, a parrot’s eyes can appear sunken or dull. This is one of the more noticeable signs and it needs to be addressed immediately.#2 Dry Skin and Beak:A dehydrated parrot can have dry or flaky skin and a dry beak. The skin can also lose its elasticity, and the beak may appear brittle.#3 Lethargy:When dehydrated, parrots can become lethargic or less active than usual. They might not show any interest in playing or interacting with their environment in the usual way.#4 Reduced appetite:A lack of water intake can lead to loss of appetite, as dehydration can cause digestive issues and general discomfort. #5 Rapid breathing:In an attempt to regulate their body temperature, dehydrated parrots may pant or breathe at a rapid pace.#6 Sticky mucous membranes:The inside of the parrot’s mouth may appear sticky or dry due to a lack of moisture.#7 Weight loss:Over time, dehydration can lead to noticeable weight loss, as the parrot’s body struggles to maintain its normal functions.Preventing and Treating Dehydration in ParrotsOf course, it is equally important to understand what can cause dehydration in parrots in the first place. This can also help you to prevent it from occurring. The number one cause is inadequate water supply. If a parrot’s water source is not easily accessible or is often empty, they may not consume enough water. Make sure that their waterer is always clean, easy to use, and made from parrot-safe materials.

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How to Tell If a Dog Is Dehydrated?

Summer is in full swing, and drinking plenty of water is very important for everyone – our dogs included. Dehydration in dogs is a very serious condition that can lead to many health issues if it is not addressed promptly. Recognizing the signs of dehydration early can make a significant difference in your dog’s well-being. So here are the basic things to know, including symptoms, causes, and preventative measures. How to Tell If a Dog Is Dehydrated?When it comes to spotting signs of all health issues in dogs, it all boils down to being attentive and making sure you don’t miss any cues from your pooch. Knowing the symptoms of dehydration in dogs will help you tremendously as you’ll know precisely what to look for, ensuring a quick response and timely treatment for your four-legged bestie.#1 Dry nose and gums:One of the first noticeable signs of dehydration in dogs is a dry nose and gums. Normally, a dog’s nose should be moist, and the gums should be pink and moist as well. But if you notice that your pet’s nose and gums are dry, it could be an indication of dehydration.#2 Loss of skin elasticity:Skin elasticity is a key indicator of hydration levels. Gently pinch the skin on the back of your dog’s neck or between the shoulders. In a well-hydrated doggo, the skin should quickly return to its normal position. If the skin, however, stays tented or takes a long time to go back, it is a sign of dehydration. #3 Sunken eyes:Dehydration can cause a dog’s eyes to appear sunken and lack their usual brightness. This is a more severe symptom and indicates that the dehydration has been ongoing or is at a critical level.#4 Lethargy and weakness:Dehydrated dogs often show signs of lethargy and weakness. They might be less active than usual, unwilling to play, or have difficulty standing or walking. #5 Panting or rapid breathing:While panting is normal for dogs, excessive panting or rapid breathing can be a symptom of dehydration, especially if it is not related to any recent physical activity or high outside temperatures.#6 Dry and sticky saliva:Dehydrated dogs may have thick, sticky saliva instead of the usual watery type. This is a noticeable change that can indicate your dog needs more fluids.It is important to remember that there can be various causes of dehydration, and one needs to consider all of them. For example, the main cause of dehydration in dogs tends to be inadequate water intake. Dogs may not drink enough water due to many reasons, such as stress, illness, or changes in their environment. Make sure that they always have a source of fresh water, even if you are outside. If your dog isn’t too keen on drinking water, try encouraging them with a pet water fountain – moving, fresh water tends to have a better taste and the novelty of the fountain usually motivates dogs to drink more than they usually do.

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Wish Your Dog Could Understand You? New Study Says They Can!

You don’t have to be a dog owner to know that dogs can learn and understand commands like “sit” or “come”. But, a new study has made a groundbreaking discovery that dogs also know that certain words stand for specific objects. This finding won’t come as a big surprise to any dog owner who has ever asked their pup to “go get your toy” and, a minute later, been handed a chewed-up rubber ball or slobbery stuffed animal. Scientists have long been interested in learning whether dogs can truly associate words with objects. However, researchers couldn’t figure out whether dogs and other animals get a mental image when they hear an object's name. This would suggest that dogs have a better understanding of language than believed before. Researchers in Hungary have discovered that in addition to being able to respond to commands such as “sit”, “roll over”, or “stay” dogs can also grasp the essence of nouns. This relationship with language is called referential understanding, and it has been unproven in dogs until now. “When we are talking about objects, objects are external to the dogs and dogs have to learn that words refer, they stand for something that is external to them,” explained the study’s co-lead author, Marianna Boros, of the Department of Ethology at the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.To get some answers about what is happening in the dog brain when it processes words, Boros and her colleagues asked 18 dog owners to bring their pooches to the lab along with five objects the dogs knew well. The objects included balls, slippers, leads, rubber toys, frisbees, and other items.Researchers instructed the owners to say the words for the items before showing their dog either the correct object or a different one. For example, the owner might say “Rover, look, the ball”, but hold up a lead instead. During the tests, the researchers measured the dogs’ brain activity using non-invasive electroencephalography, or EEG. The idea was to see whether EEG could offer a better insight into dogs’ understanding of language. The brain recordings showed different patterns in the brain when the dogs were shown an object that matched or didn’t match the owner’s spoken word. The difference was even greater for the words owners believed their dogs knew well.The same results were seen when humans performed these tests and are widely accepted as people understanding the word well enough to form a mental image of the object they were later shown. “We expected that if a dog really understands the meaning of the object’s word, it will expect to see that object. And if the owner shows a different one, there will be a so-called surprise reaction in the brain. And this is exactly what we found,” said Boros according to ABC News.Lilla Magyari, also of Eötvös Loránd University, and the other co-first author, said that although some other animals have shown some degree of referential understanding of language, they have typically been trained to do so. In dogs, she explained, such capacities seem to be inborn and don’t require any particular training or talent. Researchers stress they aren’t claiming that dogs understand words as well as humans. Future studies are needed to determine whether dogs can generalize in the same way humans learn to as children.This study raises an interesting question of why, if dogs understand nouns, more of them don’t show it. One possible answer is that dogs know more than they are willing to show us.Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

Survey Finds America’s Most Dog-Friendly Cities, You May Be Surprise

The number of Americans embracing a pet-friendly lifestyle is on the rise, and we’re here for it! We read announcements and news articles daily about businesses introducing pet policies and welcoming our furry friends into their establishments.However, if you’ve been traveling with your pup, you know that not all cities are created equally. Some locations truly shine—not only welcoming dogs but also creating an environment where they can live their lives to the fullest. From dog-friendly patios and shops to beautiful park spaces, these cities are rolling out the red carpet.Interested in finding the best locations for our best friends? MarketWatchGuides studied the country's 98 biggest cities, ranking them based on seven dog-friendly metrics, including:Number of pet activities per 100,000 peopleNumber of dog-friendly restaurants per 100,000 peopleNumber of dog-friendly apartments per 100,000 peopleNumber of dog-friendly weather days (days where the high did not exceed 90 degrees Fahrenheit and the low did not drop below 0 degrees Fahrenheit)Number of dog parks per 100,000 peopleNumber of vet offices per 100,000 peopleAverage vet costsUsing these findings, they gave each city a ranking out of 100 in 3 categories—Dog Friendliness, Dog Walkability, and Pet Health—as well as an overall score out of 100, allowing them to rank the cities from most dog-friendly to least dog-friendly. The findings may have you reconsidering what part of the country you call home!According to the study, Raleigh, North Carolina, was the most dog-friendly city in the United States, with an impressive overall ranking of 80.3. While the city did rank low on a couple of factors (namely, the number of dog-friendly weather days and the number of dog parks), it scored high enough in the other metrics to earn the top spot.Most impressively, the city scored 91.2 on the Pet Health Score, which considered the number of vet offices and average vet costs.Other cities that managed to earn a spot in the top 10 most dog-friendly cities included:Nashville, Tennessee (78.2)Madison, Wisconsin (77.4)Lexington, Kentucky (76.7)Boise, Idaho (76.5)Austin, Texas (74.3)Portland, Oregon (73.9)Cincinnati, Ohio (73.4)Seattle, Washington (72.6)Greensboro, North Carolina (71.1)Of course, ranking these cities on an overall score may not appeal to every dog parent. While one may prioritize finding a city with the lowest vet costs, another may be willing to pay a little more to enjoy a location with more dog-friendly restaurants.Recognizing this, they then broke down a few fun stats to consider:The city with the most dog-friendly restaurants per capita was Orlando, Florida. Meanwhile, on the other end of the spectrum, North Las Vegas, Nevada, took the title of the fewest dog-friendly restaurants per capita.The most accessible pet health care in the United States can be found in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.Does your dog love heading out for a “Pup Cup” on a warm day? The Starbucks chain first popularized this tasty treat, referring to the small cup of whipped cream as “Puppuccinos.” If the very mention of a Pup Cup has your dog’s tail wagging, you may want to visit Atlanta, Georgia, where you can find the most locations offering pup cups per capita.Wherever your pet-friendly travels take you, check out our list of Dog Travel Essentials to set you (and your dog) up for success!Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

What is Water Intoxication in Dogs?

Have you ever been warned about there being too much of a good thing? While water is essential for the health and well-being of our dogs, it also presents a surprising and often unknown danger: water intoxication.A serious and potentially fatal health concern, water intoxication (hyponatremia) is a risk that every dog parent should be aware of – especially those with pups who enjoy water-related activities like swimming in the pool, catching water from the hose, or even visiting the dog beach.In this guide, I’ll discuss the causes, symptoms, and prevention of water intoxication in dogs. Take a moment to read it through carefully. This information could save your furry friend’s life. What is Water Intoxication in Dogs?Water intoxication, or hyponatremia, is a medical condition that occurs when your dog ingests too much water in a short time. This impacts the electrolyte balance within the cells—more specifically, the sodium levels. It also causes the cells to swell.When the cells of the brain swell, this can have a severe and life-threatening effect on the central nervous system.Unlike some medical conditions that develop slowly over time, hyponatremia escalates very quickly. Medical treatment is needed as soon as possible. Even with quick action and veterinary care, not all dogs will recover.Can a Dog Drink Too Much Water?One of the first concerns that many pet parents have is the possibility of excessive water drinking in dogs. But is it possible for your dog to actively drink too much water, leading to water intoxication?A healthy dog will not continue drinking water to the point of threatening their own life, although some have been known to gulp down enough to cause stomach upset. This usually happens after being overly active or engaging in heavy exercise.If you notice your dog drinking excessive amounts of water, it could be a red flag of a more significant medical issue. Diseases and illnesses like diabetes, kidney problems, liver disease, and Cushing’s disease are all associated with increased thirst. Contact your veterinarian if your dog is drinking enough water to raise a concern.How Common is Water Intoxication in Dogs?If this information has you panicking or feeling overwhelmed, take a deep breath. Water intoxication is life-threatening for dogs, but it’s also incredibly uncommon. That doesn’t mean we shouldn’t familiarize ourselves with the risks, warning signs to look out for, and steps we can take to prevent a problem from developing.

Hands-In Dog Videos Are Crushing It! So, Why Are My Dogs Opting Out?

Thousands of those “hand-hand-paw” videos are taking social media by storm… but not all pooches are raising a paw in solidarity.

Why Do Dogs Lick Their Wounds?

Do they know something we don't? Should we be ditching the antibiotics?

What is the Best Catio for My Cat?

Do you have a cat that loves being outdoors, enjoying the fresh air, but you worry about their safety and well-being? Does your cat refuse to walk to wear a harness or walk on a leash? The answer might be a catio! These kitty-focused enclosures are gaining a lot of attention lately, popping up in backyards, on the sides of travel trailers, and even as portable safe spaces for cat parents to take their furry friends anywhere. With so many designs, materials, and features available, choosing the best catio for your needs can feel overwhelming. In this guide, I will do a deep dive into the world of catios, exploring different types and the situations they are best suited for. I will also discuss different features and key considerations to help you while shopping for your cat. Get ready to create the perfect (and safe) outdoor space for your furry friend today! What is a Catio? Let’s start at the beginning—what exactly is a catio? The term is a mix of “cat” and “patio,” referring to enclosed outdoor spaces designed specifically for cats. These range from small playpen-style spaces to allow them to get a bit of fresh air to large patios with space for both the cat and their people. Are Catios Good for Cats? Yes! Catios are a great way to allow your cat to spend time outdoors without putting them at risk. While domesticated cats are safer indoors, spending time outdoors has benefits. Allowing your cat to watch the birds and explore new spaces is a great way to provide them with mental enrichment and stimulation. Many cats also simply enjoy sunbathing or watching the world around them. At the same time, the catio keeps them safely contained. Outdoor cats have considerably shorter lifespans due to their increased risk of diseases, predators, car accidents, outdoor toxins, and other unfortunate accidents. According to the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, the average outdoor cat lives to be 2-5 years old, while the average indoor cat with only safe, supervised outdoor time lives to be 10-20 years old. Keeping your cat in a catio is also a great way to protect the local wildlife. Cats are natural predators with a strong hunting instinct. Stray cats and cats allowed to roam outdoors significantly impact the ecosystem by killing large numbers of birds, rodents, and other wildlife. What Are the Downsides of a Catio? Allowing your cat to be outdoors in a catio is a great compromise. However, as with any product for our pets, there are pros and cons to consider. Even though your cat is contained, it may create a false sense of security regarding some of the risks of being outdoors. The mesh or screening around a catio isn’t enough to keep parasites like fleas and ticks away. You will still need to consider the necessary flea preventatives and regular tick checks to keep these pets away. The other risk that isn’t completely mitigated by the confines of a catio is the dangers introduced by local strays. Cat fights and confrontations can still occur through the flexible mesh and screen sides. This means your cat is still at risk of unnecessary stress from these encounters and the potential spread of diseases. Careful supervision of your cat outdoors, even if they are safely contained in their catio, will allow you to keep these strays away. What is the Difference Between a Catio and a Fenced Yard?Even if you have a fenced yard, a catio can provide an additional level of safety and security for your cat. But why might you need this extra layer of protection? There are many stray and outdoor cats that easily climb over fences, viewing them as nothing more than a minor inconvenience. Even if your cat has never escaped the fence around your yard before, there is a first time for everything. It only takes a couple of seconds for your cat to climb a tree, scale a shed, or jump up to the top of your fence from a patio chair, and they are now running loose. As we already discussed, there are many significant dangers putting your cat at risk when running unsupervised outdoors. A fenced yard is not a reliable solution to this.

What is the Difference Between a Hamster and a Dwarf Hamster?

Hamsters are popular pets due to their small size and playful personalities. These pocket pets are an excellent choice for those who may be limited in space but still want to bring a companion into their home or apartment. With various breeds available, choosing between a Syrian or dwarf hamster can be overwhelming. Both offer unique characteristics, personalities, and care requirements. Let’s explore the key differences between these two adorable pocket pets to help you decide which is the perfect fit for your lifestyle and living space. Plus, we’ll share tips and tricks for giving your new hamster the best quality of life! Syrian Hamster vs. Dwarf Hamster: Key Differences Deciding between adopting a Syrian hamster or a dwarf hamster largely depends on personal preference. However, there are distinct characteristics that can help drive that decision. Let’s explore the physical differences between the two popular hamster breeds, including size, appearance, and temperament: Size and AppearanceThe most obvious difference between Syrian and dwarf hamsters is their appearance. Syrian hamsters (often simply called hamsters) are larger, growing up to 8 inches long. They have large, round eyes and are frequently described as looking like little teddy bears. This is also due to their most common coloring, a golden brown with white bellies. However, they can be found with white, black, or gray fur if you want a different color. Dwarf hamsters are smaller in size and often described as looking more like a mouse. Fully grown, they are usually 2 to 4 inches long. They are also available in a range of colors, but the most common are shades of grey-brown.Personality While the appearance differences may be more evident at first glance, the personality differences are often the reason why pet lovers prefer one over the other. Syrian hamsters are affectionate and loving pets, thriving off attention from their families. They are active, spending much of their time exploring their enclosure and playing with the available toys and features, but will also gladly spend time being held or handled (within reason). On the other hand, dwarf hamsters are considerably less affectionate. There are always exceptions to every rule, but most dwarf hamsters would be happiest spending their time playing independently. They have more energy than Syrian hamsters and higher exercise needs.